American Airlines will expand its operations at Miami International Airport (MIA) with the launch of Miami-Barcelona service on April 3. The flight will operate five times a week until June 14, when American Airlines will start operating it daily. From March 25, oneworld partner Iberia will operate a second Miami-Madrid flight four days a week.
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In a paper published this month in the International Journal of Maritime Engineering, Paul Stott and Dr Peter Wright of Newcastle University, UK, suggest that the -billion Panama Canal expansion program offers the marine industry as a whole an opportunity to reduce its environmental impact.
Expanded sections of the Panama Canal are due to open in 2014 following an eight-year program to widen and deepen the waterway in order to increase capacity for liner shipping. This will remove the breadth restriction of 32.2m (known as ‘Panamax’ in the shipping industry) that has constrained ships using the canal since it opened in 1914.
The main reason for the expansion is to increase the capacity of the canal by facilitating the passage of larger container ships, to the benefit of the Panamanian economy for which canal revenues make a significant contribution.
This is a great example of unintended consequences. Potentially, what we have here is an ideal opportunity to implement some quite simple changes that will make a significant difference to the environmental credentials of the industry.
—Paul Stott
In the study the Newcastle team have quantified significant potential gains in efficiency in the dry bulk trades—i.e., the shipping of grain, ore, coal and so on—which result directly from the expansion of the canal.
Stott says the relaxation of the constraint will have two main effects: permitting more efficient hull design; and permitting larger bulk carriers to trade through the canal with the associated economy of scale.
The research presents analysis of bulk shipping developments that strongly support the contention that there is a demand for vessels in the dry bulk Panamax sector that are larger than the current 85,000 tonne limit imposed by the beam constraint.
The potential savings in fuel costs are substantial, as is the consequent reduction in emissions, potentially saving up to 16% per tonne-mile. This is important given that the International Maritime Organisation estimates that shipping was responsible for about 2.7% of global emissions of CO2 in 2007 but warns that this may rise to between 12% and 18% by 2050 if the shipping industry does not take major steps to reduce emissions.
Currently, much research into carbon reduction is focused on fairly radical ideas but good, solid engineering, hull design and optimisation in particular, still has a major role to play in achieving the goal of reducing emissions.
—Paul Stott
The Panamax constraint is routinely applied far wider than in just the liner and bulk carrier trades. Around 45% of all vessels over 20,000 gross tons delivered over the past decade have had Panamax beam and there are currently more than 1,500 such vessels on order for future delivery despite the impending demise of the beam constraint.
Alternative fuels and new technologies will be vital for driving the marine industry forward to a more sustainable future but this is a change we can make now through the application of existing technologies that are well proven. Increasing beam is not a possibility for retro-fit and the benefits in the immediate future may therefore be limited by the young age of the merchant fleet.
We have probably established the Panamax fleet for the next twenty years in the shipbuilding boom of the last five years. Having said this, there remains a significant orderbook of new ships that could potentially benefit from re-design with increased beam and possibly increased capacity with consequent gains in efficiency for the owners and benefits for the planet.
—Paul Stott
ČTK
Czechs gave the best “grades” to city councils and President Václav Klaus in last year’s “school report”, according to a poll conducted by the polling agency STEM at the end of the year and released Friday.
When owning a horse property, it is important to plan for the worst. Bush fires or otherwise should be considered and planned against as much as possible.
Until recently the Hopi reservation in northeastern Arizona didn’t have the type of modern hotel that many travelers are accustomed to. That changed when Hopi elders in the Upper Village of Moenkopi gave the go-ahead for construction of the Moenkopi Legacy Inn & Suites, a good-looking, up-to-date facility that opened in February 2010.
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Southwest Airlines has confirmed its intent to retain AirTran Airways’ operations at an additional 15 U.S. domestic airports and seven international airports, but Southwest is dropping six AirTran destinations. Over time, Southwest will convert AirTran’s flights to Southwest operations at the 53 AirTran cities it has decided to keep.
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Saturday, January 21 (All times UK)
17.00
Estadi Cornella El-Prat, Barcelona
Granada have won just one of their last five league games whilst Espanyol, who reduced a two-goal deficit to defeat Mirandes in the Copa del Rey on Tuesday, have only lost one in five, including a 1-1 draw with Barcelona.
The Catalan side are without Sergio Garcia, Alvaro Vazquez and Walter Pandiani for the weekend’s clash as all three are injured. Centre-back Borja Gomez, who is on loan from Ukrainian side Karpaty Lviv, could make his debut for
A Different League
Florida has always been regarded as one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations. Fort Myers beach in Florida is a ‘dream come true’ destination for tourists. Hence, there is no surprise on the count of travelers that visit Florida on a daily basis. This ensures that the need for a good accommodation is paramount. [...]
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